OrbitalNodes

Diagrams — free to use with credit

Last updated: 9 August 2026

Every diagram on OrbitalNodes is drawn here, from tracked orbital elements and published regulatory filings rather than from stock artwork. They are released under CC BY 4.0: use them in articles, lessons, papers or slides, including commercially, as long as you credit OrbitalNodes.ai.

Each is offered as a raster image for convenience and as the original vector, which stays sharp at any size and is the better choice for print.

Chart of the seven Maritime NZ Part 20 operating limits against Starlink’s 12 nautical mile coastal boundary: specified, enclosed and inshore sit inside it; the inshore fishing limit is the 12 nautical mile territorial sea and sits exactly on the line; coastal reaches 50 nautical miles, offshore runs from 50 to the 200 nautical mile EEZ edge, and unlimited begins beyond it — all three needing a maritime plan.
Maritime NZ operating limits against the 12-mile line New Zealand’s inshore fishing limit is defined as the 12 NM territorial sea — the same distance Starlink’s land plans stop at, so the regulator’s line and the vendor’s coincide. Australia has no such luck: AMSA Category C runs to 30 NM and straddles the boundary. From Starlink for boats in New Zealand · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Chart of mobile carrier availability in sixteen outback Australian towns along the Big Lap route, showing 5G and 4G carriers out of a possible three: Longreach and Winton have no 5G from any carrier, Winton has only a single 4G carrier, while Mount Isa and Kalgoorlie have three 4G carriers.
How many carriers work in the Big Lap towns Not the black spots between towns — this is IN town, where travellers assume they are covered. Longreach and Winton have no 5G from any carrier, and Winton has a single 4G carrier: if it is not yours, you have no phone in town at all. Cross-referenced from ACCC infrastructure records. From Starlink for caravans and RVs · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Chart mapping the six AMSA operational area categories for Australian domestic commercial vessels against Starlink’s 12 nautical mile boundary: categories E and D stay inshore and never cross it, C restricted rarely does, C runs to 30 nautical miles so crosses partway, and categories B and A reach 200 nautical miles and beyond, requiring Ocean Mode or Global Priority.
Your AMSA operational area against the 12-nautical-mile line Every Australian domestic commercial vessel carries an AMSA operational area category on its certificate. Starlink draws a different line, at 12 nautical miles. Nobody publishes how the two relate. Category C is the one that catches people out — part of its range needs Ocean Mode and part does not. The plans named are for Australian waters; from 17 August 2026 the cheaper Roam tiers no longer work internationally at all. From Starlink for boats in Australia · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Cumulative bar chart of amp-hours drawn from a 12 volt caravan battery over a five-hour evening: the van baseline of fridge, lights and water pump uses 30 to 45 amp-hours, adding a Starlink Mini at 25 to 40 watts brings the total to 40 to 62, and a standard dish at 40 to 60 watts plus inverter loss brings it to 50 to 75 — both crossing the 50 amp-hour usable depth of a lead-acid battery.
What a dish costs your caravan battery The dish is added on top of what the van already draws, so what matters is where the total lands. A van already at 30–45 Ah has little headroom before the 50 Ah lead-acid limit — which is why the Mini, running natively from USB-C with no inverter loss, suits almost every van. From Starlink for caravans and RVs · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Latitude chart of Australian places against Amazon Leo’s optimised 30 to 56 degree coverage band: Darwin at 12.5 degrees south, Katherine, Cairns, Townsville, Alice Springs, Rockhampton, Brisbane and Geraldton all sit outside the band, while Perth, Sydney, Adelaide, Canberra, Bendigo, Melbourne, Launceston and Hobart sit inside it.
Amazon Leo reaches southern Australia first Amazon Leo’s first-generation shells are optimised for latitudes 30–56°, and Australia straddles that edge. Of the 58 places covered on OrbitalNodes, 33 sit inside the band and 25 outside — so Hobart is better placed than Darwin, which inverts the usual assumption that remote areas wait longest. From Satellite internet in Australia · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Bar chart of measured latency for Australian satellite broadband from the final ACCC Measuring Broadband Australia report: Starlink at 26.8 milliseconds in busy hours with 199.1 Mbps down and 26.2 milliseconds all hours with 230.4 Mbps, against NBN Sky Muster at 658 to 663 milliseconds delivering 78.5 per cent of plan speed.
Satellite broadband in Australia — the last independent measurement The ACCC ran Measuring Broadband Australia from 2017 until June 2026, when the programme ended. Report 33 is therefore the last independent measurement of Australian satellite broadband there will be — every figure published after it is a provider claim or a self-selected sample. From Satellite internet in Australia · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Comparison table of a satellite, aircraft, meteor and planet: a satellite is a steady white dot that never blinks and crosses in three to five minutes; an aircraft shows red and green flashing lights; a meteor is a bright streak lasting a second or two; a planet does not move against the stars.
Satellite, plane, meteor or planet — how to tell them apart The four things people mistake for each other, by what you actually see. Crossing times and speeds are from tracked orbital elements; aircraft figures are typical cruise values. From Satellite or Plane? · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Four-stage diagram of satellite viewing conditions: the twilight window between dusk and dawn, cloud cover bands from clear to overcast, moon phase from new to full, and what to expect under ideal versus poor conditions.
What decides whether you see a satellite tonight The model behind the nightly verdict: a satellite must be sunlit while your sky is dark, and cloud then decides whether any of it matters. Cloud bands and moon effects as applied by the site. From Satellites Tonight · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai
Scale map of the Australian Radio Quiet Zone in Western Australia, centred on the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, showing the 70 kilometre inner zone and the 260 kilometre coordination zone, with distances to Meekatharra, Mount Magnet, Cue, Yalgoo, Sandstone, Mullewa, Gascoyne Junction and Geraldton.
The Australian Radio Quiet Zone, and the towns inside it Drawn to scale. Distances and bearings computed from gazetted townsite coordinates (Composite Gazetteer of Australia, GDA94) to the zone centre at 26°42′15″S, 116°39′32″E. Zone radii from ACMA. Satellite texting is switched off inside it, and neither carrier publishes which towns are affected. From Satellite texting in Australia · vector version · CC BY 4.0 — reuse it anywhere with credit to OrbitalNodes.ai

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